词汇结构与语法---为题目类型
1.When people talk about the ______ of something, they are referring to the way in which its various parts are put together and arranged.
（A）conclusion
（B）accommodation
（C）evaluation
（D）composition
2.With the third wave of education and future application of AI, ______the shift in how workers see learning throughout their life.
（A）coming
（B）come
（C）came
（D）comes
3.The goal, which they are unlikely to live to see ______, is to culture, prevent or manage all diseases in the next 80 years. (常考)
（A）accomplish
（B）accomplished
（C）accomplishes
（D）accomplishing
4.Some students of Peking University have ______ setting up a natural reserve on campus and authorities said they were collecting data and thinking about it.
（A）answered for
（B）called for
（C）fallen for
（D）stood for
5.Researchers show that weak readers learns more from difficult texts, so giving them easier ones serves to______ them the very information they need to move on.
（A）deny
（B）abandon
（C）award
（D）gain
6.During the 1960 Rome Olympic Games, Cassius Clay, a young boxer then, won the World Heavyweight Boxing Championship______tough players. (易错)
（A）in terms of
（B）in reaction to
（C）in honor of
（D）in face of
7.Martin Luther King insisted that everybody was born______and he also demanded that black people______as well as the white ones.
（A）equally: treated
（B）equally: be treated
（C）equal: treating
（D）equal: be treated
8.In recent years, the government has accelerated its speed to boost the growth of the digital economy, ______ the Internet plus policy to deepen the combination of the Internet with economic and social sectors.
（A）introducing
（B）introduced
（C）being introduced
（D）introduce
9.Picture a world where human relationships are challenging, narcissism and self-centeredness are ______, and there is disagreement on the best way for people to live harmoniously together.
（A）on the top
（B）on the rise
（C）on the way
（D）on and off
10.I described that hospital visit as a______because the patients I met were an example to us all, showing extraordinary bravery and persistence.
（A）responsibility
（B）virtue
（C）privilege
（D）gesture
11.Saul Bellow, a Canadian-born American writer, is______another writing intended for another Nobel Prize for literature. (易混)
（A）occupied with
（B）credited with
（C）confined to
（D）glued to
12.My brother turned to bookstores and libraries seeking information about the book mentioned in his professor's lecture, but found______.
（A）no one
（B）nothing
（C）none
（D）anything
13.—Mom, I've been studying English since 8 o'clock, ______I go out and play with Tom for a while? —No, I'm afraid not. Besides, It's raining outside now.
（A）wouldn't
（B）can't
（C）May not
（D）won't
14.There are certain historic occasions______are likely to remind people of what happened in the past and set people reflecting on them. (易错)
（A）when
（B）that
（C）where
（D）what
15.When the teacher told the boy's father what his son did, the father was______angry.
（A）other than
（B）less than
（C）more than
（D）rather than
16.Difficult as part of the story was______, I succeed in catching hold of it in the end.
（A）understanding
（B）understand
（C）understands
（D）understood
17.—Did you hear the news Dave got fired. —______, last week the boss told me he regretted hiring him.
（A）No wonder
（B）No sense
（C）No kidding
（D）No good
18.—David is said to be the first young teacher professor in your university this year. —Exactly, ______of his own competence is an important factor in his success.
（A）to convince
（B）convincing
（C）convinced
（D）convince
19.—I'm sorry, Allen. I can't find your favorite CD. —______, Tom. I'll go and buy another one.
（A）It doesn't matter
（B）Don't say that
（C）Sure
（D）You are kidding
20.—Could I borrow your camera? —______, but please give it back by Saturday.
（A）I am sorry
（B）Of course
（C）Certainly not
（D）No, thanks
阅读理解---为题目类型
It's a rough world out there. Step outside and you could break a leg slipping on your doormat. Light up the stove and you could burn down the house. Luckily, if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles. Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers' misfortunes. Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever-longer warning labels, trying to anticipate every possible accident. Today, stepladders carry labels several inches long that warn, among other things, that you might—surprise! —fall off. The label on a child's Batman cape cautions that the toy " does not enable user to fly". While warnings are often appropriate and necessary—the dangers of drug interactions, for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufactures and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. About 50 percent of the companies lose when injured customers take them to court. Now the tide appears to be turning. As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn't have changed anything. In May, Julie Nimmons, president of Schutt Sports in Illinois, successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet. " We're really sorry he has become paralyzed, but helmets aren't designed to prevent those kinds of injures, " says Nimmons. The jury agreed that the nature of the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the athlete's injury. At the same time, the American Law Institute—a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight—issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones. " Important information can get buried in a sea of trivialities, " says a law professor at Cornell Law School who helped draft the new guidelines. If the moderate end of the legal community has its way, the information on products might actually be provided for the benefit of customers and not as protection against legal liability.
21.What was things like in the 1980s when accidents happened?
（A）Customers might be relieved of their disasters through lawsuits.
（B）Injured customers could expect protection from the legal system.
（C）Companies would avoid being sued by providing new warnings.
（D）Juries tended to find fault with the compensations companies promised.
22.Manufacturers as mentioned in the passage tend to______.
（A）satisfy customers by writing long warnings on products
（B）become honest in describing the inadequacies of their products
（C）make the best use of labels to avoid legal liability
（D）feel obliged to view customers' safety as their first concern
23.The case of Schutt helmet demonstrated that______.
（A）some injury claims were no longer supported by law
（B）helmets were not designed to prevent injuries
（C）product labels would eventually be discarded
（D）some sports games might lose popularity with athletes
24.The author's attitude towards the issue seems to be______.
（A）biased
（B）indifferent
（C）puzzling
（D）objective
25.What does the first sentence in this passage mean?
（A）The world is full of various dangers.
（B）The outside of the world is not smooth.
（C）The surface of the earth is very uneven.
（D）The world is full of violent noisy people.
Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it: the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone's satisfaction. For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else—he offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute bluntly: he does so with skill and polish, "I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size. It happens to be the colour you mentioned. "Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is, " This is the right colour and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on. " Now how does a woman go about buying clothes? In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way. Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only" having a look round". She is always open to persuasion: indeed she sets great store by what the salesman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro, often retracing her steps, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a laborious process, but apparently an enjoyable one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.
27.When a man is buying clothes, ______.
（A）he buys cheap things, regardless of quality
（B）he chooses things that others recommend
（C）he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right things
（D）he buys good quality things, so long as they are not too dear
28.What do men care about the fit of new clothes?
（A）They like their clothes to be bigger than the average size.
（B）Most men just assume that the size is right for them.
（C）They make sure a thing fits before they buy it.
（D）They do not worry whether a thing fits well or not.
29.What does a man do when he cannot get exactly what he wants?
（A）He buys a similar thing of the colour he wants.
（B）He usually does not buy anything.
（C）At least two of his requirements must be met before he buy.
（D）So long as the style is right, he buys the thing.
30.In commerce a good salesman is one who______.
（A）treats his customers sharply
（B）always has in stock just what the customers want
（C）does not waste his time on difficult customers
（D）sells something a customer does not particularly want
31.What does the passage tell us about women shoppers for clothes?
（A）They welcome suggestions from anyone.
（B）Women rarely consider buying cheap clothes.
（C）Women often buy things without giving the matter proper thought.
（D）They listen to advice but never take it.
Most growing plants contain much more water than all other materials combined. C. R. Barnes has suggested that it is as proper to term the plant a water structure as to call a house composed mainly of brick a brick building. Certain it is that all essential processes of plant growth and development occur in water. The mineral elements from the soil that are usable by the plant must be dissolved in the soil solution before they can be taken into the root. They are carried to all parts of the growing plant and are built into essential plant materials while in a dissolved state. The carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air may enter the leaf as a gas but is dissolved in water in the leaf before it is combined with a part of the water to form simple sugars—the base material from which the plant body is mainly built. Actively growing plant parts are generally 75 to 90 percent water. Structural parts of plants, such as woody stems no longer actively growing, may have much less water than growing tissues. The actual amount of water in the plant at one time, however, is only a very small part of what passes through it during its development. The processes photosynthesis, by which carbon dioxide and water are combined—in the presence of chlorophyll (叶绿素) and with energy derived from light—to form sugars, require that carbon dioxide from the air enter the plant. This occurs mainly in the leaves. The leaf surface is not solid but contains great numbers of minute openings, through which the carbon dioxide enters. The same structure that permits the one gas to enter the leaf, however, permits another gas—water vapor—to be lost from it. Since carbon dioxide is present in the air only in trace quantities(3 to 4 parts in 10, 000 parts of air) and water vapor is near saturation in the air spaces within the leaf (at 80 ℉ , saturated air would contain about 186 parts of water vapor in 10, 000 parts of air) , the total amount of water vapor lost is many times the carbon dioxide intake. Actually, because of wind and other factors, the loss of water in proportion to carbon dioxide intake may be even greater than the relative concentrations of the two gases. Also, not all of the carbon dioxide that enters the leaf is synthesized into carbohydrates.
33.A growing plant needs water for all of the following except______.
（A）forming sugars
（B）sustaining woody stems
（C）keeping green
（D）producing carbon dioxide
34.The essential function of photosynthesis in terms of plant needs is______-
（A）to form sugars
（B）to derive energy from light
（C）to preserve water
（D）to combine carbon dioxide with water
35.The second paragraph uses facts to develop the essential idea that ______.
（A）a plant efficiently utilizes most of the water it absorbs
（B）carbon dioxide is the essential substance needed for plant development
（C）a plant needs more water than is found in its composition
（D）the stronger the wind, the more the water vapor loss
36.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
（A）The mineral elements will not be absorbed by the plant unless they are dissolved in its root.
（B）The woody stems contain more water than the leaves.
（C）Air existing around the leaf is found to be saturated.
（D）Only part of the carbon dioxide in the plant is synthesized.
37.This passage is mainly about______.
（A）the functions of carbon dioxide and water
（B）the role of water in a growing plant
（C）the process of simple sugar formation
（D）the synthesis of water with carbon dioxide
完形填空---为题目类型
Most newborn babies sleep 17 to 18 hours【C1】______day. By age 10, this has【C2】______to 9 to 10 hours, and it continues to reduce during adolescence. Two-thirds of adults sleep seven to eight hours and one-tenth sleep more than nine. During old【C3】______, sleep decreases to an average of 6. 5 hours a night. For the average adult, then, seven or eight hours a night is "normal". But is it【C4】______? Some good sleepers worry that they regularly fall short of the Big Eight. They 【C5】______. Two psychologists at a well-known institute have found that【C6】______who naturally sleep less than six hours a night are happier and more active than longer sleepers. They may have more【C7】______and more sociable. Some people fear insomnia and it effects so strongly that their fears【C8】______their sleeplessness. But what's the real effect of a few【C9】______hours? Several studies have shown that one rotten night with as little as two hours of sleep doesn't【C10】______affect people's performance the next day.
39.【C1】
（A）one
（B）par
（C）the
（D）in a
40.【C2】
（A）dropped
（B）out
（C）fallen
（D）taken down
41.【C3】
（A）days
（B）time
（C）age
（D）years
42.【C4】
（A）important
（B）proved
（C）necessary
（D）discovered
43.【C5】
（A）should
（B）need
（C）must
（D）needn't
44.【C6】
（A）they
（B）those
（C）these
（D）still others
45.【C7】
（A）force
（B）action
（C）energy
（D）interest
46.【C8】
（A）add to
（B）keep back
（C）result from
（D）bring back
47.【C9】
（A）useless
（B）lost
（C）wasted
（D）missed
48.【C10】
（A）actual
（B）rather
（C）fairly
（D）really
作文---为题目类型
50. Failure is what often happens. It is everywhere in our life. Students may fail in exams, scientists may fail in their research work, and players may fail in competitions. Although failure happens to everyone, but different people's attitudes towards failure are different. Some people don't think that their failure is an important thing at all. So they pay no attention to it. As a result, they will have the failure later. Some people think they are fools and lose their hearts in everything after they get a failure. Then they waste their time and energy on useless things. At last, they may really be fools as they have thought. Other people are quite different from these two kinds of people mentioned above. Instead of being hopeless and lost, they draw a lesson from every failure and become more experienced. After working hard, they will be successful in the end. So we should draw a lesson from every failure and become more experienced. 用“Is Failure a Bad Thing?”为题写一篇作文，120字左右。 要求：1．不能出现上文中的句子。 2．用30词来总结一下这篇短文。 3．说一下你对failure的看法。
短文填空---为题目类型
In simple words, hibernation is a state of deep sleep. Hibernation differs from normal sleep in various ways. Hibernating animals take a long time to wake up from their sleep. Turning or kicking their bodies does not seem to wake them up. Even after waking up from hibernation, these animals take some time to restart their normal activities. During hibernation, the heart rate slows down and some of the non-vital organs become entirely inactive. This is a state in which the body uses very little energy. Winter is the time when food is less and weather rough. Animals have to spend a lot of energy finding food. Even if they succeed in finding anything, it is often not enough to make up for the loss of energy. Besides, the cold weather may often become a cause of death. As a result of all these, animals have to reduce their food demand by reducing energy requirements. This is achieved by hibernating throughout the winter. Before the onset of winter, when there is plenty of food, animals eat overmuch and store much of the food in the form of fat. As winter arrives, they return to their home where they spend the rest of winter hibernating. As animals hibernate, their body temperature starts dropping due to lack of activity and metabolism. At one point, it is only a few degrees higher than the surrounding temperature. Whatever energy the body needs to perform certain tasks is got from the fat storage. Due to lack of activity, the fat burning process is slow and steady. The energy from fat is enough to keep the animal alive for the rest of the winter. Hibernation differs for every species. For example, some animals like black bears may sleep throughout the winter without waking up while animals like squirrels may wake up every 4 days to eat some food, pass waste matter from the body, and then go back to sleep. Hibernation in domestic animals may differ from that in the wild ones. As there is no food shortage for domestic animals, domestic animals hibernate as a result of their natural instinct but with more active periods in between.
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